NSCNORFOLK SOUTHERN CORP— fair value (DCF model)
A deterministic two-stage discounted-cash-flow (DCF) estimate of this company's per-share fair value, and how far it sits above or below the current share price — with the full assumptions, a growth×discount sensitivity grid and the methodology. Every figure is engine-computed from SEC filings, delayed prices and the 10-year Treasury yield, with no LLM. This is a model estimate under disclosed assumptions, not a price target, forecast or investment advice.
The model estimates $213.22 per share — 36.7% below the current price of $336.61.
A deterministic model estimate under the disclosed assumptions (two-stage DCF over as-reported SEC figures; CAPM discount off the 10Y Treasury). NOT a price target, forecast, or investment advice — the sensitivity grid shows how the estimate moves as assumptions change.
Free-cash-flow DCF
The model estimates $213.22 per share — 36.7% below the current price of $336.61.
| Base fiscal year · base amount | FY2025 · $2.2B |
| History years | 10 |
| Historical CAGR (raw) | 7.3% |
| Growth start (year 1) | 7.3% |
| Terminal growth (Gordon) | 3.0% |
| Discount rate (CAPM) | 4.7% + β 0.77 × 5.0% = 8.6% |
| Projection years | 10 |
| Growth ↓ / Discount → | −1pp | −0.5pp | base | +0.5pp | +1pp |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| −5pp | $210.47 | $189.71 | $172.69 | $158.48 | $146.43 |
| −2.5pp | $234.56 | $211.17 | $191.99 | $175.99 | $162.43 |
| base | $261.09 | $234.78 | $213.22 | $195.24 | $180.00 |
| +2.5pp | $290.27 | $260.74 | $236.54 | $216.36 | $199.28 |
| +5pp | $322.32 | $289.23 | $262.13 | $239.53 | $220.40 |
Earnings (net-income) DCF
The model estimates $271.89 per share — 19.2% below the current price of $336.61.
| Base fiscal year · base amount | FY2025 · $2.9B |
| History years | 10 |
| Historical CAGR (raw) | 6.2% |
| Growth start (year 1) | 6.2% |
| Terminal growth (Gordon) | 3.0% |
| Discount rate (CAPM) | 4.7% + β 0.77 × 5.0% = 8.6% |
| Projection years | 10 |
| Growth ↓ / Discount → | −1pp | −0.5pp | base | +0.5pp | +1pp |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| −5pp | $267.86 | $241.56 | $220.00 | $202.00 | $186.74 |
| −2.5pp | $298.67 | $269.02 | $244.71 | $224.42 | $207.23 |
| base | $332.62 | $299.24 | $271.89 | $249.07 | $229.73 |
| +2.5pp | $369.98 | $332.48 | $301.76 | $276.14 | $254.44 |
| +5pp | $411.04 | $369.00 | $334.56 | $305.83 | $281.52 |
Model computed 2026-08-04 · Source: SEC XBRL filings + delayed price + 10Y Treasury yield · For reference only · Not investment advice
How the model works
- Two-stage DCF. Stage 1 projects ten explicit years of cash flow; stage 2 caps it with a Gordon terminal value. The model runs two variants — one over free cash flow, one over earnings (net income) — whenever each is computable.
- Dollar-level projection ÷ current shares. The company-level dollar series is projected and divided by the current share count once at the end. Dollar totals are split-immune, whereas a per-share history mixes pre/post-split bases.
- Linear growth decay. Stage-1 growth starts at the historical CAGR of the base series (clamped into 0%–20%; the raw CAGR is still disclosed) and decays linearly to the terminal rate.
- Gordon terminal growth = min(10-year Treasury yield, 3%). A company cannot outgrow the economy forever; the discount rate must clear the terminal rate by a minimum spread or the value is undefined.
- CAPM discount rate = 10-year Treasury + beta × equity-risk premium (5%). Beta is clamped into 0.6–2.0 (a degenerate regression beta destabilises the model); an unknown beta defaults to 1.0. Every clamp/default is disclosed.
- Honesty gates (absent, never fabricated): at least four annual points with positive first/last values to anchor a CAGR; banks, insurers and REITs are out of model scope (an FCF/earnings DCF structurally misfits their economics); and a result outside 1/8×–8× of the current price is withheld — the assumptions do not fit that business, so no number is shown.
- Sensitivity, not a single oracle number. A 5×5 grid over (growth-start offset × discount offset) shows how the estimate moves as the two key assumptions change — the honest presentation of model uncertainty.
This page is a deterministic model estimate under disclosed assumptions — not a price target, forecast or investment advice. Source: SEC XBRL filings, delayed prices and US Treasury yields; for reference only.